Wilderness, Workforce, and the Paradox of Purpose: An Exploration of the NPS Employee Experience

Authors

  • Sara Newman Carroll Eastern Connecticut State University
  • Joseph Milone Southern Connecticut State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18666/JOREL-2025-12741

Keywords:

Outdoor workforce, park management challenges, NPS employee engagement, mission-driven work

Abstract

National Park Service (NPS) workers live and work in some of America’s most beautiful and symbolically important places yet report unexpectedly low job satisfaction. Despite a favorable public perception, NPS workers face increased park visitation, reduced staffing, and diminished employee morale, which is exacerbated by systemic challenges such as structural barriers, bureaucracy, and a lack of diversity. This exploratory qualitative study examined the attitudes, perceptions, and experiences of NPS workers, particularly regarding precarious work, which is characterized by instability and insecurity in terms of continuity and quantity of work. Findings highlight a troubling discrepancy between employees’ commitment to the NPS mission and the organizational barriers that undermine their job satisfaction. These insights suggest the need for reforms to enhance employee retention and provide better support to NPS personnel. The research underscores the importance of leadership addressing these issues to enhance the effectiveness of the NPS in preserving and protecting America’s cultural and natural resources.

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Published

2026-04-06

Issue

Online First

Section

Regular Papers

License

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